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Volume 25, Issue 3 (Autumn 2023)
Advances in Cognitive Sciences 2023, 25(3): 18-31 |
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Mehravar Z, Hosseinsabet F, Sohrebi F. The mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between executive functions and resilience in Tehran firefighters. Advances in Cognitive Sciences 2023; 25 (3) :18-31
URL: http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-1534-en.html
URL: http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-1534-en.html
1- PhD Student of Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
2- Associate Professor of Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
3- Professor of Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Allameh Tabataba'i University,Tehran, Iran
2- Associate Professor of Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
3- Professor of Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Allameh Tabataba'i University,Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (1031 Views)
Introduction
Resilience is the ability to adapt to challenging situations. It is the process and outcome of successfully adapting to complex or challenging life experiences, primarily through mental, emotional, and behavioral flexibility. Resilience can protect people from various mental health conditions, such as anxiety and depression. Nowadays, resilience has become essential to businesses, governments, and other organizations. Organizational resilience is the ability of an organization to quickly adapt to disruptions while maintaining continuous business operations and safeguarding people, assets and overall brand equity. Executive functions include high-order cognitive abilities such as cognitive flexibility, planning, working memory, problem-solving, inhibitory control, and reasoning. This study aimed to present a cognitive model of resilience and investigate the relationship between executive functions and resilience mediated by cognitive emotion regulation strategies. In this study, the correlation method of structural equation modeling was used. The statistical population of this study was all firefighters working in 131 fire stations in Tehran in the first half of 2018.
Executive functions Cognitive emotion regulation strategies Resilience
Methods
The target population in the present study was all the firefighters working in 131 fire stations in Tehran, Iran, in the first half of 2018, who were working in the operational department of the fire department. In this study, a random sampling method was used so that eight fire stations in Tehran were randomly selected, and 207 firefighters answered the questionnaires and computer tests. In structural equation modeling methodology, the sample size can be determined between five and 15 people for each measured variable 5Q<n<15Q where Q is the number of observed variables or the number of questionnaire items and n is the sample size. Among them, 207 firefighters were chosen by random sampling method. The Resilience Questionnaire (Connor & Davidson, 2003), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ, Garnefski, 2002), Classic Stroop test (CST, 1935) and Wisconsin card classification computer version (WCST, Berg et al., 1948) were used to collect data.
The study included all firefighters working in the operational department of the fire department who participated in fire rescue and extinguishing operations and were willing to participate in the research. Descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics such as Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. This study employed the Structural Equation Analysis method to evaluate the hypothetical model. Besides, the current study utilized AMOS-24 and SPSS-21 software for this analysis.
Results
Structural equation modeling data analysis reveals a significant positive correlation between executive functions and resilience (P<0.01). Similarly, adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation also demonstrate a significant positive correlation with resilience (P<0.01). However, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies show a negative correlation with resilience (P<0.01).
Interestingly, no significant relationship was found between executive functions and either adaptive or maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Furthermore, executive functions' indirect effects on resilience are insignificant (P>0.05).
Conclusion
According to the findings of this research, resilience can be predicted through executive functions, and this model fits well. People's resilience will be strengthened by promoting cognitive emotion regulation strategies and executive functions. Therefore, the programs and training that improve people's cognitive functions increase a person resilience of through cognitive methods, considered as an indirect, fast, and less expensive intervention. Training classes and programs in order to strengthen the adaptive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion and reduce the use of maladaptive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion will improve the level of psychological resilience of people.
Ethical Considerations
Participants received essential guidelines at the start of the study. The researchers gathered informed consent from willing volunteers who agreed to participate. In addition, the researchers upheld the principle of confidentiality for information received from the firefighters of the operational department. The study participants were free to withdraw at any point if they chose not to continue. No one was compelled to persist with the testing and questionnaire process.
Authors' contributions
The authors contributed equally to the theoretical and empirical aspects of the study.
Funding
The authors have received no funding for this manuscript.
Acknowledgments
This research is extracted from the master's thesis of the first author in the Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran (Thesis code: 830620). The authors want to thank all who participated in this study.
Conflicts of interest
The authors reported no potential conflict of interest.
Resilience is the ability to adapt to challenging situations. It is the process and outcome of successfully adapting to complex or challenging life experiences, primarily through mental, emotional, and behavioral flexibility. Resilience can protect people from various mental health conditions, such as anxiety and depression. Nowadays, resilience has become essential to businesses, governments, and other organizations. Organizational resilience is the ability of an organization to quickly adapt to disruptions while maintaining continuous business operations and safeguarding people, assets and overall brand equity. Executive functions include high-order cognitive abilities such as cognitive flexibility, planning, working memory, problem-solving, inhibitory control, and reasoning. This study aimed to present a cognitive model of resilience and investigate the relationship between executive functions and resilience mediated by cognitive emotion regulation strategies. In this study, the correlation method of structural equation modeling was used. The statistical population of this study was all firefighters working in 131 fire stations in Tehran in the first half of 2018.
Methods
The target population in the present study was all the firefighters working in 131 fire stations in Tehran, Iran, in the first half of 2018, who were working in the operational department of the fire department. In this study, a random sampling method was used so that eight fire stations in Tehran were randomly selected, and 207 firefighters answered the questionnaires and computer tests. In structural equation modeling methodology, the sample size can be determined between five and 15 people for each measured variable 5Q<n<15Q where Q is the number of observed variables or the number of questionnaire items and n is the sample size. Among them, 207 firefighters were chosen by random sampling method. The Resilience Questionnaire (Connor & Davidson, 2003), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ, Garnefski, 2002), Classic Stroop test (CST, 1935) and Wisconsin card classification computer version (WCST, Berg et al., 1948) were used to collect data.
The study included all firefighters working in the operational department of the fire department who participated in fire rescue and extinguishing operations and were willing to participate in the research. Descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics such as Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. This study employed the Structural Equation Analysis method to evaluate the hypothetical model. Besides, the current study utilized AMOS-24 and SPSS-21 software for this analysis.
Results
Structural equation modeling data analysis reveals a significant positive correlation between executive functions and resilience (P<0.01). Similarly, adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation also demonstrate a significant positive correlation with resilience (P<0.01). However, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies show a negative correlation with resilience (P<0.01).
Interestingly, no significant relationship was found between executive functions and either adaptive or maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Furthermore, executive functions' indirect effects on resilience are insignificant (P>0.05).
Conclusion
According to the findings of this research, resilience can be predicted through executive functions, and this model fits well. People's resilience will be strengthened by promoting cognitive emotion regulation strategies and executive functions. Therefore, the programs and training that improve people's cognitive functions increase a person resilience of through cognitive methods, considered as an indirect, fast, and less expensive intervention. Training classes and programs in order to strengthen the adaptive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion and reduce the use of maladaptive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion will improve the level of psychological resilience of people.
Ethical Considerations
Participants received essential guidelines at the start of the study. The researchers gathered informed consent from willing volunteers who agreed to participate. In addition, the researchers upheld the principle of confidentiality for information received from the firefighters of the operational department. The study participants were free to withdraw at any point if they chose not to continue. No one was compelled to persist with the testing and questionnaire process.
Authors' contributions
The authors contributed equally to the theoretical and empirical aspects of the study.
Funding
The authors have received no funding for this manuscript.
Acknowledgments
This research is extracted from the master's thesis of the first author in the Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran (Thesis code: 830620). The authors want to thank all who participated in this study.
Conflicts of interest
The authors reported no potential conflict of interest.
Type of Study: Research |
Received: 2023/03/14 | Accepted: 2023/06/7 | Published: 2023/12/13
Received: 2023/03/14 | Accepted: 2023/06/7 | Published: 2023/12/13
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