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Volume 21, Issue 4 (Winter 2020)
Advances in Cognitive Sciences 2020, 21(4): 12-22 |
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Nowrouzi A, Hamid N, Beshlideh K, Marashy S A. The effectiveness of attentional bias modification on attentional bias, pre-attentional bias and craving in abstinent addicts. Advances in Cognitive Sciences 2020; 21 (4) :12-22
URL: http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-1064-en.html
URL: http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-1064-en.html
1- . PhD Student in Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2- Associate Professor of Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3- . Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, College of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
4- Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2- Associate Professor of Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3- . Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, College of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
4- Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
Abstract: (3704 Views)
Introduction: For many years, it has been emphasized on the role of attentional bias in addiction-related disorders, including its role in craving and relapse. This reseasrch aimed to investigate, the effectiveness of attentional bias modification on attention bias, pre-attentional bias and craving in abstinent addicts.
Methods: Three groups (control, attentional bias modification and attentional bias modification with reinforcement and punishment) in three phases (pre-test, post-test, and follow up) assessed in attentional bias, pre-attentional bias, and craving. During the pre-test and post-test, the control group received placebo training, while the second group received attentional bias modification training, and the third group received attentional bias modification training with reinforcement and punishment, respectively. To measure attentional bias, pre-attentional bias, and interventions, and to measure craving Dot-probe task test and Brief Substance Craving Scale were used respectively.
Results: The results indicated that there was a significant difference between three groups in attentional bias in post-test and follow-up, the pre-attentional bias in post-test, and craving in the post-test. The control group obtained a higher score in pre-attentional bias than two experimental groups in the pre-attentional bias in follow up and attentional bias modification with reinforcement and punishment group obtained a lower score in craving than two other groups in craving in follow up.
Conclusion: It seems that adding reinforcement and punishment to the classical intervention of attentional bias modification can lead to improving the effectiveness of this intervention. Besides, interventions based on attention bias modification are efficient interventions.
Methods: Three groups (control, attentional bias modification and attentional bias modification with reinforcement and punishment) in three phases (pre-test, post-test, and follow up) assessed in attentional bias, pre-attentional bias, and craving. During the pre-test and post-test, the control group received placebo training, while the second group received attentional bias modification training, and the third group received attentional bias modification training with reinforcement and punishment, respectively. To measure attentional bias, pre-attentional bias, and interventions, and to measure craving Dot-probe task test and Brief Substance Craving Scale were used respectively.
Results: The results indicated that there was a significant difference between three groups in attentional bias in post-test and follow-up, the pre-attentional bias in post-test, and craving in the post-test. The control group obtained a higher score in pre-attentional bias than two experimental groups in the pre-attentional bias in follow up and attentional bias modification with reinforcement and punishment group obtained a lower score in craving than two other groups in craving in follow up.
Conclusion: It seems that adding reinforcement and punishment to the classical intervention of attentional bias modification can lead to improving the effectiveness of this intervention. Besides, interventions based on attention bias modification are efficient interventions.
Keywords: Attentional bias modification, Reinforcement and Punishment, Dot-Probe task, Pre-attentional bias, Craving
Received: 2019/01/1 | Accepted: 2020/01/13 | Published: 2020/03/18
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