fa مقایسه اثربخشی روش تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمه‌ای با جریان مستقیم و روش Forbrain بر توجه شنیداری در کودکان دارای اختلال بیش‌فعالی/نقص توجه 11-6 سال روان شناسی شناختی پژوهشي اصیل Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" titr="">مقدمه:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin=""> پژوهش</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin=""> حاضر، مقایسه اثربخشی دو روش تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمه‌ای با جریان مستقیم</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" times="">Forbrain</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">بر توجه شنیداری در کودکان مبتلا به اختلال بیش‌فعالی/نقص توجه (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" times="">ADHD</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">)</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">در بازه سنی </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">۶</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin=""> تا </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">۱۱</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin=""> سال انجام شد.</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" titr="">روش کار:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">این مطالعه به شیوه نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span cambria="">_</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل انجام شد. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه کودکان مبتلا به اختلال بیش</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">‌</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">فعالی</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">/</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">نقص توجه مراجعه‌کننده به مرکز درمانی توانش </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">تهران</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">در سال ۱۴۰۱ بودند که از میان این افراد 60 نفر به صورت هدفمند انتخاب و با استفاده از ابزار</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" times="">IVA-2</span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">&nbsp;مورد سنجش قرار گرفته‌اند و بر اساس نتایج </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">این </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">آزمون به ‌صورت تصادفی در سه گروه مساوی (تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمه‌ای با جریان مستقیم، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" times="">Forbrain</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">و کنترل) جای‌دهی شدند. گروه‌های آزمایشی طی ده جلسه ۲۰ دقیقه‌ای تحت مداخله قرار گرفتند، در حالی که گروه کنترل مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" titr="">یافته‌ها:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">یافته‌ها</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin=""> نشان داد که هر دو روش </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">مداخله</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin=""> در بهبود توجه شنیداری به ‌طور معناداری مؤثر بودند، ولی تفاوت معناداری میان اثربخشی این دو روش مشاهده نشد. یافته‌ها بیانگر آن است که هر دو روش</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" times="">tDCS</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" times="">Forbrain</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">می‌توانند به عنوان مداخلات غیرتهاجمی و ایمن برای بهبود توجه شنیداری در کودکان مبتلا به</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">بیش</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">‌</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">فعالی</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">/</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">نقص توجه مورد استفاده قرار گیرند</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" titr="">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin=""> روش‌های</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">تحریک</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">الکتریکی فراجمجمه‌ای با جریان مستقیم</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">و تحریک </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" times="">Forbrain</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">بر</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">توجه</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">شنیداری</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">در</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">کودکان</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">دارای</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">اختلال</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">بیش‌فعالی/نقص</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">توجه</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">اثربخش</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">است</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">در</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin=""> مراکز سلامت روان و </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">محیط‌های</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">آموزشی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">درمانی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">جهت </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">تسریع درمان این کودکان و بالا بردن عملکرد آنها استفاده کنند.</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">مطالعات</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">تکمیلی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">جهت</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">مقایسه</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">این</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">روش</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">با</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">دیگر</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">روش‌ها</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">صورت</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="">گیرد</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:150%"><b><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Abstract</span></span></b><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:150%"><b><span new="" roman="" times="">Introduction</span></b><span new="" roman="" times="">: The present study aimed to determine the Comparative Efficacy of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Forbrain on Auditory Attention in Children with </span><span new="" roman="" times="">Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:150%"><b><span new="" roman="" times="">Methods:</span></b><span new="" roman="" times=""> The research method used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and a control group. The statistical population included all children diagnosed with ADHD who were referred to the Tehran Tavanesh Treatment Center in 2022. From this population, 60 children were purposefully selected and administered the IVA-2 test. Based on the test results, participants were randomly assigned to three equal groups: transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), Forbrain, and control. The two experimental groups received ten 20-minute intervention sessions, while the control group received none.</span></span><br> <b><span style="line-height:106%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Results:</span></span></b><span calibri="" light="" style="color: rgb(47, 84, 150); font-family: "><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" times="">&nbsp;</span></span></span><span calibri="" light=""><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" times="">The results revealed that both treatment methods were significantly effective in improving auditory attention. At the same time, no significant difference was observed between the effectiveness of the two methods. The findings indicate that both tDCS and Forebrain can be used as non-invasive and safe interventions to improve auditory attention in children with ADHD.</span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:150%"><b><span new="" roman="" times="">Conclusion:</span></b> <span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="color:black">Both </span></span><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="color:black">tDCS and Forbrain interventions significantly improved auditory attention in children with ADHD. The absence of significant differences between them suggests that they have equivalent therapeutic potential. Given their non-invasive nature and ease of administration, these interventions offered a valuable support for cognitive rehabilitation in ADHD management.<br> Additional studies should be conducted to compare this method with other methods.</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></div> بیش‌فعالی/نقص توجه, تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمه‌ای با جریان مستقیم, تحریک Forbrain, توجه شنیداری Attention, Auditory, Forebrain stimulation, Hyperactivity, Transcranial direct current stimulation 16 27 http://icssjournal.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1799-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Seyedeh Nina Ghadamgahi Sani سیده نینا قدمگاهی ثانی nina.sani00@gmail.com 0071029206 0009-0008-2259-7991 No Master’s Degree in Psychology, General Orientation, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch, Roudehen, Iran کارشناسی ارشد رشته روان‌شناسی، گرایش عمومی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رودهن، رودهن، ایران Ahmad Suri احمد سوری Souri.ah@yahoo.com 100319475328460019837 100319475328460019837 Yes Associate Professor of Psychology Department, Amin Police University, Tehran, Iran دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه علوم انتظامی امین، تهران، ایران