2024-03-28T23:37:17+03:30 http://icssjournal.ir/browse.php?mag_id=76&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
76-855 2024-03-28 10.1002
Advances in Cognitive Science Advances in Cognitive Sciences 1561-4174 2783-073x 10.30514/icss 2019 20 4 The effect of computerized cognitive rehabilitation on everyday memory function in Multiple Sclerosis patients Hossein Zare Introduction: Cognitive impairments, especially memory problems, are frequent in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and can reduce the quality of their life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of computerized cognitive rehabilitation on the everyday memory of patients with MS. Methods: Forty-six patients aged 20-40 years with MS were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the experimental group received 12 sessions using memory rehabilitation software, and the patients in waiting-list control group did not receive any interventions at that time, and their training was postponed to after the research. The data were collected using every memory inventory before, immediately after, and one month after the training sessions. Results: The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed that there is a meaningful difference between the mean scores of everyday memory in the two groups in the post-test. Also the no-meaningful difference between the post-test and follow-up scores in the experimental group indicates that computerized cognitive rehabilitation has significant effect on everyday memory performance of multiple sclerosis patients. Conclusions: Therefore, it can be concluded that cognitive rehabilitation has a significant effect on the improvement of the memory function of MS patients and can be used as an effective and useful method for improving the memory performance of them. cognitive rehabilitation everyday memory Multiple Sclerosis 2019 1 01 1 9 http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-855-en.pdf
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Advances in Cognitive Science Advances in Cognitive Sciences 1561-4174 2783-073x 10.30514/icss 2019 20 4 Relation between philosophy and cognitive science: Reflection on Thagard’s thought Mahmoud Talkhabi talkhabi@iricss.org Introduction: Regarding Thagard’s viewpoint, the purpose of this paper is to verify the relation between philosophy and cognitive science. The mission of cognitive science is to understand how human mind works, but assigning mind studies to (cognitive) “science” once again has posed the reductionism approach to find out the nature of human mind. Method: This article conceptually analyzes the Thagard’s approach to the role of philosophy in formation of the new field of mind study (cognitive science). Results: Thagard argues that philosophy has two kinds of contribution to cognitive science. The general contribution is done by optimizing tenability of philosophical presumptions and methodologies of cognitive science that how and with what concept of explanation understand the functions of mind..According to Thagard’s point of view, cognitive science should explain the mechanism that leads to production of a phenomenon. This contribution reveals the state of interactions between different disciplines of cognitive science to create a new interdisciplinary field of study and understanding of the mind/brain function which, according to Wittgenstein’s viewpoint, should be studied. Conclusion: Cognitive science, in interaction between different fields, needs to create a new language game in which knowledge workers of these fields contribute to build new knowledge about mind/brain based on a common system of reference. philosophy cognitive science methodology mind 2019 1 01 10 19 http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-857-en.pdf
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Advances in Cognitive Science Advances in Cognitive Sciences 1561-4174 2783-073x 10.30514/icss 2019 20 4 Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (traditional and Internet-based) on everyday memory of people with insomnia and comorbid depression Maryam Azimi Alireza Moradi Moradi90@yahoo.com Jafar Hasani Introduction: Insomnia is a common sleep complaints in the general population. Insomnia affects cognitive functions such as memory which has important role in the daily activities of individuals. Thus the objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of traditional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) and internet-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (ICBT-I) on everyday memory of people with insomnia comorbid depression. Method: This study employs pretest-posttest and follow-up quasi-experimental designs that use two experimental groups and a control group. A convenience sample of 45 individuals from Farhangian University staff and professors who received a score higher than the cut-off score in PSQT and BDI-II questionnaires was selected by using diagnostic interview based on the DSM-5 criteria for diagnosing depression and insomnia. Fifteen people were randomly assigned into three groups (two experimental groups and a control group). The experimental groups received 6 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia based on Edinger and Karney's CBT-I protocol (2015). RBM-3 test was administered three times (before treatment, after the last treatment and one month after).The data were analyzed by means of mixed ANOVA and Bonferroni. Findings: The results showed that both experimental groups obtained higher scores in verbal memory, orientation, prospective memory, and the total memory index than the control group. The CBT-I group obtained higher score in visual memory than the ICBT-I and control groups. The ICBT-I group obtained higher scores in the new learning factor than the CBT-I and control groups. However, there was no significant difference between the three groups in the spatial memory. Follow-up results also confirmed the reliability of the treatment. Conclusion: Both therapies are effective in cognitive rehabilitation and reducing everyday memory problems in people with insomnia and comorbid depression.   traditional cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia everyday memory Insomnia comorbid with depression 2019 1 01 20 34 http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-856-en.pdf
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Advances in Cognitive Science Advances in Cognitive Sciences 1561-4174 2783-073x 10.30514/icss 2019 20 4 The Comparison of Emotional Working Memory Capacity in Patients with Social Anxiety Disorder and Normal Subjects Zahra Adami z.adami.69@ gmail.com Majid Mahmoud Alilou Mohammad Ali Nazari Objects: The aim of the present study was to comparing of Emotional Working Memory Capacity in Patients with Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) and Normal Subjects. Method: In this study, 22 client with Social Anxiety Disorder and 21 normal individuals were selected accessibility. The subject completed Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) and emotional working memory task that researcher has made it .The gathered data is analyzed by SPSS-18 and descriptive statistic index and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). Results: the result showed that there are significant difference in neutral stimulus between two groups SAD and normal subjects which is to great advantage of normal subjects. Also, results showed significant difference in emotional stimulus between two groups SAD and normal subjects that again the normal individual is beneficiary. Conclusion: Anxiety affects severely the function of working memory; so, in persons who are suffer from social anxiety disorder, simultaneously cognitive processing like worry and rumination could be attributed to their deficiency in working memory. It's suggested that this cognitive processing diminish working memory sources and negatively influences the function. Working memory Social Anxiety Disorder Neutral stimulus Emotional stimulus 2019 1 01 35 45 http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-858-en.pdf
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Advances in Cognitive Science Advances in Cognitive Sciences 1561-4174 2783-073x 10.30514/icss 2019 20 4 Recognition of Facial Expression of Emotions Based on Brain Emotional Learning (BEL) Model fatemeh yaghouti Fh.yaghouti@gmail.com Sara motamed Introduction: Facial expressions are one of the most important ways of communication and human response to the surrounding environment. The purpose of this study is to use the brain's emotional learning model (BEL) to face emotion recognition. The brain's emotional learning model is inspired by the human brain's limbic system, which is responsible for motivating human emotions. This model has been used to improve the recognition rate of emotional expression of the human face. Method: The input of the proposed model is JAFFE standard dataset which includes six emotional expressions of Happiness, Sadness, Anger, Surprise, Fear and Disgust. After reading images using the MATLAB software commands, all read images will be entered into the extracting step. Also, The PCA method was used to extract the small image components. Finally, to calculate the recognition rate of facial expressions, all extracted features from the previous step are entered into the classification stage of the BEL model. In the application of the BEL method, the communication matrix with the components of the eyebrows, eyes and mouth is created and their dependence is determined in each emotion. This way you can recognize facial expressions. Also, because of the demonstration of the efficiency of the proposed model, the BEL model is compared with the SVM rival model. Results: Dataset analysis results show the recognition rate of facial expressions of 93.8%. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, the BEL model shows the rate of recognition of emotional expressions with higher accuracy than the SVM model. Facial Expression of Emotion feature extraction Brain Emotional Learning Communication matrix 2019 1 01 46 61 http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-859-en.pdf
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Advances in Cognitive Science Advances in Cognitive Sciences 1561-4174 2783-073x 10.30514/icss 2019 20 4 The Role of Cognitive Failures, Alexithymia and Cognitive Flexibility in Predicting the Social Health of Elderly Seyfullah Aghajani Hamid Reza Samadifard hrsamadifard@ymail.com Introduction: The emphasis of the World Health Organization  on the importance of social health as well as physical health, has caused social health to become a common concern among sociologists and social planners in every society. The present study was conducted to determine the role of cognitive failures, alexithymia and cognitive flexibility in predicting the social health of the elderly. Method: The conducting method was a descriptive and correlative study. The statistical population of this study included all the male elderly over-60-years-old of Ardabil in 2017. From among them, 118 persons were selected as the statistical sample using the convenience sampling. For data collection, the cognitive failures scale, alexithymia scale, cognitive flexibility scale and social health scale were used. Research data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression methods by employing SPSS 23 statistical software. Results: According to the results, a significant relationship was observed between cognitive failures (r=-0.47), alexithymia (r=-0.51) and cognitive flexibility (r=0.41) with social health in the elderly (p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that cognitive failures -0.35, alexithymia -0.39 and cognitive flexibility 0.25 significantly predict social health of the elderly (p<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that cognitive failures, alexithymia and cognitive flexibility are considered as variables associated with the social health in the elderly and have the capacity to predict it. Social Health Elderly Cognitive Failures Alexithymia Cognitive Flexibility 2019 1 01 62 69 http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-860-en.pdf
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Advances in Cognitive Science Advances in Cognitive Sciences 1561-4174 2783-073x 10.30514/icss 2019 20 4 comparing cognitive impairment, borderline personality symptoms and impulsivity in internet-addicted and non-addicted students Fereshteh Pourmohseni Koluri fpmohseni@yahoo.com Golsoomeh Farshi Golsoomeh Farshi Introduction: Today, due to the widespread use of the internet, the phenomenon of internet addiction and factors affecting its emergence have attracted the attention of researchers. The purpose of this research was to compare the cognitive impairments, impulsivity and borderline personality symptoms in internet-addicted and non-addicted users. Method: In this causal-comparative study, 300 students were selected through random sampling from among students of Islamic Azad University of Ardabil during the academic year of 1393-1394 who responded to the Online Questionnaire.One-hundred-twenty subjects whose internet addiction scores were one standard deviation lower than or higher than the average were selected as addicted and non-addicted internet users and responded to impulsivity questionnaire, borderline personality scale and cognitive failures questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results: Findings indicate that internet-addicted users compared to non-addicted users had higher levels of cognitive impairment, impulsivity and borderline personality symptoms. Conclusion: Because of the harmful consequences of internet addiction, researchers believed that identifying factors that predispose a person to addiction to the Internet could be used to prevent damage to users through preventive programs and intervention. cognitive failures impulsivity borderline personality symptoms internet addiction students 2019 1 01 70 79 http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-861-en.pdf
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Advances in Cognitive Science Advances in Cognitive Sciences 1561-4174 2783-073x 10.30514/icss 2019 20 4 An Observational approach to evaluate the effect of endorser’s gender and gaze direction in attention to advertisements Sepideh nasiri Negar Sammaknejad nsammaknejad@gmail.com Masoud Keymasi Tahmoures Hasan gholiPour Introduction: In our current competitive market, consumers encounter thousands of advertisement messages on a daily basis and consequently, as time goes by, they show apathetic behavior towards these stimuli. Hence, smart marketers need to utilize unique strategies to gain more attention and attract more consumers. Minor but targeted changes in advertising can have a major impact on its effectiveness. The assessments of these changes are important and possible through different tools. Method: 83 students from Shahid Beheshti University participated in the study. We used an eye-tracking system to explore the effect of endorser’s gender and gaze direction on visual attention of participants to the advertisement. Results: The results showed that the endorser’s gender and gaze direction have significant effect on the participants’ visual attention. Female endorsers attracted more attention towards the entire ads as well as the pictorial part of the ads containing images of the endorsers and the products. In contrast, male endorsers attracted more attention towards the product images. Moreover, the endorser’s gaze direction towards the slogan attracted the participants’ attention to the slogan. Conclusion: Using an eye-tracker, the observational approach confirms the effect of the endorser’s gender and gaze direction on the visual attention of participants to the pictorial and textual features of the advertisements. Having a female endorser congruent with the ads’ product will attract more attention to the focal point of the ad, especially when the endorser’s eye gaze is directed towards the focal point. Advertisement effectiveness Visual attention Eye-tracking Gaze direction Endorser 2019 1 01 80 94 http://icssjournal.ir/article-1-862-en.pdf